Locomotive exhaust nozzle



Nov. 27, 1945. J. w. HULSON LOCOMOTIVE EXHAUST NOZZLE Filed June 1, 19442 Sheets-Sheet 1 NIH/i JWHu Zson.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 J. W. HULSON LOICOMOTIVE EXHAUST NOZZLE "lied June 11944 Nov. 27, 1 945.

Patented Nov. 27, 1945 LOCOMOTIVE EXHAUST NOZZLE John W. Hulson,Chicago, Ill., assignor to Hulson Company, Keokuk, Iowa, a corporationof Iowa Application June 1, 1944, Serial No. 538,288

Claims.

A well known type of locomotive exhaust nozzle comprises briefly, ahollow cylindrical body having a radially corrugated upper end providingit with circumferentially spaced radial ridges and with radial valleysbetween said ridges. Ports for upwardly discharging the exhaust steam,open through the ridges, and blower ports open through the bottoms ofthe Valleys. The nozzle is manufactured with exhaust steam dischargeports of the maximum size ever needed, and a central plate of one sizeor another is secured upon the aforesaid body to overlap more or less Iof these ports to reduce their effective size, in a locomotive requiringthat they be of less than said maximum size for best results.

While generally desirable and efiicient, the above described nozzle isopen to improvement in certain respects, as will now be explained.

Wh'en testing for steam leaks in pipes, superheaters, nozzle stands,etc., the exhaust steam ports of the nozzle are temporarily sealed toprevent steam emission, and water is then admitted under pressure, withthe result that any leaks will permit discharge of water and may belocated. Such testing, however, does not locate any leaks in the meansfor conducting the steam, for stand-by draught, to the blower ports, nordoes it test the cast nozzle body for sand holes and the like whichwould permit blower steam to escape, and leaks of this nature shouldalso be located and repaired to insure proper nozzle operation.

The central plate above mentioned (for exhaust steam port reduction) isa circular disk and it not; only overlaps the inner ends of the exhauststeam ports but also overlaps the inner ends of the aforesaid valleys,interfering with smooth travel of the products of combustion in thesevalleys for entrainment with the blasts of steam emitted from thenozzle. Even when the locomotive is equipped with a modern tuyere-typegrate which materially reduces the entrainment of cinders with theescaping products of combustion, some cinders still pass the screenand/or other arresting means and reach the exhaust nozzle, where suchturbulence occurs that they inflict serious abrasion or cinder cutting,often cutting through portions of the aforesaid radial ridges andenlarging the exhaust steam discharge ports, seriously afiectin thelocomotive draught.

The present invention aims to so improve the exhaust nozzle constructionas to permit easy testing of the steam conducting means leading to theblower ports, and testing of the nozzle casting for leaks from theseports, as well as testing of passages, etc., leading to the exhauststeam discharge ports; and to provide a construction in which theproducts of combustion and cinders suspended therein may become moresmoothly entrained with the steam blasts from the noZZle to materiallydiminish cinder cutting of said O nozzle.

With the foregoing in view, the invention resides in the novel subjectmatter hereinafter described and claimed, description being accomplishedby reference to the accompanying drawings.

Figure 1 is a top plan view of the improved nozzle, part of the centralmember being broken away to show the full radial length of the exhauststeam discharge ports.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view on line 3-3 of Fig, 1.

Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view on the plane of line 4--4 of Fig. lbut showing all of the ports closed by means of a asket and plate, fortest purposes.

In the drawings above briefly described, a preferred construction hasbeen illustrated and while that construction will be rather specificallydescribed, variations may be made within the scope of the invention asclaimed.

The hollow cylindrical body 5 is provided at its lower end with lugs 6for bolting to the usual nozzle stand or table plate, and the upper endof said body is radially corrugated, providing it with circumferentiallyspaced radial ridges l and with radial valleys 8 between said ridges.The central portion 9 of the upper end of the body 5, and the top facesID of the ridges I are all flat and are disposed in a single horizontalplane. The valleys 8 are of V-form, are relatively deep at their outerends, and gradually decrease to insignificant depth at their inner ends.The exhaust steam discharge ports II open through the flat top faces IDof the ridges l and this is also true of the blower ports I2, said ports[2 being disposed at the outer ends of said ports I l and leadingupwardly from a circular steam duct iii in the side wall M of the body5. At I5, two internally tapped bosses are shown, either of which isplugged at It and the other of which is for connection with the usualblower pipe.

Secured upon the flat central portion 9 of the upper end of the body 5,is a conical deflector ll, the base of which overlaps the inner ends ofthe ports H to reduce the effective size of said with the shallow innerends of the valleys 8. In the present showing, the deflector I1 isformed from a major upper section l9 and a minor lower section 20. Ifless port reduction be required, section 20 may be omitted and section[9 secured directly upon the body 5, or if more port reduction benecessary, a larger section may be substituted for said section 20. Ineach instance, there will; be. a: peripherally grooved conical de.flector upon the body with its grooves. communicating with the valleys 8to smoothly guide products of combustion and any cinders therein to theblasts of steam discharged through the, ports ll. Moreover, the conicaldeflector- I"!- prevents the creation of violent eddy currents: intheinnerportions of the steam blasts. flowing upwardy around the edge ofthe base of said deflector, whereas such eddy currents have been presentwhen simply using a flat plate for port reduction, and have contributedto such turbulence of the products of combustion and cinders therein asto cause serious cinder cutting ofthenozzle. The deflector I is securedto the body by a central cap screw 2|, the head ofwhich is ecated in asocket 22- in the upper end of said member, for protection. When thisscrew is removed, the section may be removed, and a larger section canbe substituted if necessary, or

both sections l9'and 20' may be removed whenever-a test for leakage isto be made. For test-- ing, a fiat gasket 23 andflat plate 24' may beclamped by a screw 25 upon the flat horizontal upper. end of the body 5as seen in-Fig'. 4; simultaneously closing allof the ports H and [2iThen steam under pressure may be used to test the entire nozzle and allwater conducting means leading thereto.

From the foregoing and the accompanying drawings, it will be seen thatnovel provision has been made for attaining the desired ends, andattention is again invited to the possibility of making variationswithin the scope of the invention as claimed.

I claim;

1. A locomotive exhaust nozzle comprising a hollow cylindricalbodyhaving a radially corrugated upper end. providing it. withcircumferentially spaced radial ridges and with radial valleys betweensaid ridges, the upper faces of said ridges being, all fiat and disposedin a single horizontal plane, said' upper end. of said body having asolid central portion. and radially arranged steam discharge portsopening through said flat upper faces of said ridges; the peripheralwall of said body having a circumferential steam duct", an inlet forsaid duct, and blower ports, the latter being formed in the outerportions of said ridges beyond. the outer ends ofsaid steam dischargeports, said blower ports leading,

upwardy from said duct and opening through said flat upper faces of saidridges, all portions of said upper end of said body being at least aslow as said flat upper faces of said ridges and a cone-shaped deflectingmember secured on said solid central portion of the upper end of thebody.

2. A locomotive exhaust nozzle comprising a hollow. cylindrical bodyhaving a radially corrugatedi upper end providing-1 it. witlrcircumferentially spaced radial ridges and with radial valleys betweensaid ridges, said valleys being relatively deep at their outer ends andbeing inclined to insignificant depth at their inner ends, said bodyhaving. steam discharge ports opening through said. ridges, and; acentral member secured upon said body and, overlapping the inner ends ofsaid ports; said central member having peripheral grooves communicatingwith the shallow inner ends of said radial valleys.

3. A locomotive exhaust nozzle comprising a hollow: cylindrical bodyhaving a radially corrugated upper end" providing it withcircumferentia-lly' spaced radial ridges and withradial vall'ey-sbetween said ridges, said valleys being relatively deep-at their outerends and being inclined to insignificant depth at their inner ends,saidbody: having steam discharge ports" opening through said ridges, anda conicaldeflector securedupon the central portionof said upper end ofsaid body, the base of said conical deflector overlapping the-inner endsofsaid' ports to reducethe efiective size thereof, said conicaldeflector having vertical peripheral grooves the lower ends of which arein direct communication with the shallow inner ends of said radialvalleys.

i A structure as specifiedinclaim 3; saidconical deflector beingcomposed of an upper majorsection and a lower minor section, thelatter'ofwhich may be removed when less reduction of said ports is desired.

5. A locomotive exhaust nozzle comprising aholl'ow cylindrical bodyhaving a radially corrugated upper end providing it withcircumferentially spaced radial ridges and with radial valleys betweensaid ridges; the upper" faces of saidridges beingall fiat and disposedin a: single horizontal plane, said upper end of said body having steamdischarge ports openingthrough said fiat upper faces of said ridges; theperipheral wall of said body having a circumferential steam duct,aninlet for said duct and blower ports leading upwardly from" said ductand opening through said flat upper faces of said ridges; all portionsof said upper end of said body being at least as low as said flat upperfaces of said ridges for the purpose set forth.

JOHN W. I-HJLSON.

